Everything about Duke Of Bar totally explained
Bar was an historic ducy and county of the Holy Roman Empire later incorporated into France.
History
In the middle of the 10th century, the territory of
Bar (
Barrois) formed a dependency of the
Holy Roman Empire. The first dynasty of Bar were in fact dukes of
Upper Lotharingia out of the house of the counts of the
Ardennes, descendants of
count palatine Wigeric of Lotharingia. They chose their seat at Bar, which was subsequently called
Bar-le-Duc. This Ardennes-Bar dynasty became extinct with duke
Frederick III (d. 1033) and his sister
Countess Sophia of Bar (d. 1093).
In the 11th century the lords of Bar were only counts of the Bar territory (
le Barrois). They belonged to the house of
Mousson-
Montbéliard-
Ferrette.
Theobald I of Bar, was an ally of
Philip Augustus, as was also his son
Henry II of Bar, who distinguished himself at the
Battle of Bouvines in 1214. But sometimes the counts of Bar bore arms against
France. In 1301
Henry III of Bar, having made an alliance with
Edward I of England, whose daughter he'd married, was vanquished by
Philip the Fair, who forced him to do homage for a part of Barrois, situated west of the
Meuse River, which was called
Barrois mouvant.
In 1354
Robert of Bar, who married a princess of France, was made
Marquis of Pont-à-Mousson by the Emperor
Charles IV and took the title of
Duke of Bar. Hereafter, the title of "Marquis of Pont-à-Mousson" was used by the dukes of Bar or their heirs-apparent. His successor,
Edward III of Bar, was killed at
Agincourt in 1415.
In 1419
Louis of Bar, brother of the last-named, cardinal and
bishop of Châlons-sur-Marne, gave the duchy of Bar to
Rene, Duke of Anjou and king of Naples, the grandson of his sister Yolande, who married
Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine.
Yolande of Anjou, who in 1444 had married
Frederick, Count of Vaudémont, became heiress of
Nicholas of Anjou, duke of
Calabria and of Lorraine, in 1473, and of
Rene of Anjou, duke of Bar, in 1480; thus Lorraine, with Barrois added to it, once more returned to the family of its ancient dukes.
United with Lorraine to France in 1634, Barrois remained, except for short intervals, part of the royal domain. It was granted in 1738 to
Stanislaus Leszczynski, ex-king of Poland, and on his death in 1766 was once more attached to the crown of France.
However a part of Bar continued as a part of the Holy Roman Empire past this date. It remained an independent Duchy in 1648 but by 1659 had been annexed to France.
Rulers of Bar and Pont-à-Mousson
Counts of Bar
- House of the Ardennes (Wigerics)
- House of Montbelliard
Dukes of Bar
Robert of Bar (r. 1352–1411)
Edward III of Bar (r. 1411–1415)
Louis of Bar (r. 1415–1431)
René I, king of Naples and Duke of Lorraine (r. 1431–1480)
Yolande (r. 1480–1483)
René II, Duke of Lorraine (r. 1483–1508)
Hereafter united with the Duchy of Lorraine.
Marquises of Pont-à-Mousson
Robert of Bar (r. 1354–1411
Edward III of Bar (r. 1411–1415)
Louis of Bar (r. 1415–1419)
René of Anjou (r. 1419–1441)
Louis of Anjou (r. 1441–1443)
René of Anjou (again) (r. 1443–1444)
John, Duke of Lorraine (r. 1444–1470)
Nicholas, Duke of Lorraine (r. 1470–1473)
vacant (1473–1480)
René II, Duke of Lorraine (r. 1480–1508)
Hereafter united with the Duchy of Lorraine.
Further Information
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